Adoption of new EU Ambient Air Quality Rules means good news (and challenges) for cities and regions
The Council of the EU has formally adopted a directive setting new, more ambitious ambient air quality standards across the Union. This marks a significant step toward the EU’s goal of zero pollution by 2050.
The updated regulations on Europe's ambient air quality align more closely with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations and aim to reduce the impact of air pollution on public health. POLIS has previously provided an overview after the provisional agreement between the Council and the Parliament and also wrote an introduction on the fight for clean air on the European level.
New standards, new challenges
For urban areas, where pollution levels are often highest, these new rules set tighter limits for critical pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulphur dioxide (SO2). The annual limits for PM2.5 will drop from 25 µg/m³ to 10 µg/m³, while NO2 limits will decrease from 40 µg/m³ to 20 µg/m³, making air quality improvements a priority for cities and regions.
With local authorities at the forefront of implementing measures to reduce emissions, these standards present both a challenge and an opportunity. While the adoption of the revised AAQD brings a stronger policy framework that will support local and regional authorities, cities will need to adopt innovative mobility solutions, such as Low-Emission Zones, promote walking and cycling, and accelerate the transition to clean public transport to meet these targets by 2030.
Support and coordination needed
While these new standards are crucial for protecting citizens' health, achieving them will require significant technical expertise, financial resources, and political commitment. Cities and regions must not be left to tackle these challenges alone. Collaboration between local, regional, and national authorities, supported by the EU, is key to ensuring consistent implementation and avoiding fragmentation. An integrated approach between clean air and decarbonisation policies is also critical to achieving success and safeguarding the public health of our citizens.
For more information on the current levels of air quality compliance across Europe, you can access the latest EEA data.
Ensuring accountability and rights for citizens
Importantly, the directive also reinforces the right of EU citizens to seek compensation if their health suffers due to non-compliance with these rules. This strengthens accountability and ensures a clear framework for action when air quality standards are not met.
As these changes take shape, POLIS will continue to support its members in navigating these new requirements and advocating for the necessary resources and support to meet them.
